Canine Lameness Caused by Developmental Orthopedic Diseases: Fragmented Medial Coronoid Process and Ununited Anconeal Process*

Fragmented medial coronoid process and ununited anconeal process are common developmental orthopedic diseases that affect the cubital joint in immature large-breed dogs. Several factors, including genetics, nutrition, and diet, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Lameness and joint pain are common clinical signs and may develop as early as 4 months of age. Early diagnosis allows initiation of proper medical or surgical treatment and may minimize the progression of osteoarthritis. Fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP) and ununited anconeal process (UAP) are among the many developmental orthopedic diseases that can cause lameness in immature dogs. A complete patient history and physical examination, including orthopedic and neurologic examination, are essential for developing a diagnosis of FMCP or UAP. The diagnosis is often confirmed radiographically, but magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography (CT) may also provide valuable information. This article discusses the role of FMCP and UAP in lameness in juvenile dogs. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, postoperative care, and prognosis of each disease are discussed. FRAGMENTED MEDIAL CORONOID PROCESS Incidence and Pathophysiology FMCP is a separation of the axial border of the medial coronoid process of the ulna. This typically involves a small fragment of the medial coronoid adjacent to n Fragmented medial coronoid process (FMCP) and ununited anconeal process (UAP) are causes of forelimb lameness and elbow osteoarthritis in immature